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This was the decisive point of the campaign that required Marion to attack. January to June 1777 - During this period the unit was reorganized as the 6th Regiment with Colonel Henry Bicker as its commander. On 5 March 1781, Watson began his movement, marching from Fort Watson. After the war he became the Commander of the First American Regiment, for a time they only infantry unit in the fledgling army of the independent United States. Swamp to his left and right, passage blocked to the front and Marion closing in from the rear, Watson had to quickly choose whether to flee or fight. The American revolutionaries were not without their Rangers, despite Rogers' support of the Crown. Certain it is no man has a better claim to the public thanks, or is more generally admired than you. As such, they were subject to the orders of the Provincial Assembly. The next year, the regiment took part in a number of small engagements in New Jersey and again wintered at Morristown. Exemptions were extremely limited, and an estimated 60,000 men were enrolled. Membership in the Associators differed greatly from membership the militia, for, technically, enrollment in the Associators was voluntary, while membership in the militia was strictly compulsory with the obligation legally defined. The 1st Pennsylvania was considered an elite unit and was given the post of honor on the right of the line. In certain counties there were recruited special troops calledRangers, who served long enlistments on the frontier against the Indians. September 11, 1777 - Stirling's Division takes part in the action on the right of Washington's army during the battle of Brandywine. Organized on January 2- late March 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from eastern Pennsylvania. The traditional ranger usage reached its peak during the French and Indian War. The cat and mouse advance continued on the far bank. Re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 8th Pennsylvania Regiment. The American leadership stressed the ideas of Maurice, comte de Saxe and the comte de Guibert, two leading French military theorists, which advocated cross-training every soldier to perform both line or light infantry roles to allow mission flexibility. The regiment was in combat again on September 20 when, with the rest of Wayne's division, it was surprised at Paoli. Relieved on April 29, 1776 from Sullivan's Brigade and assigned to Greene's Brigade, an element of the, Relieved on August 12, 1776 from Greene's Brigade and assigned to Nixon's Brigade, an element of the, Relieved on August 31, 1776 from assignment to Nixon's Brigade and to Mifflin's Brigade (re-designated on October 8, 1776 as Stirling's Brigade), an element of the. The 5th Pennsylvania Regiment was raised December 9, 1775 at Chester, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. Consolidated on November 6, 1777 with the, Bayard's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Cadwalader's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Matlack's Philadelphia Associators Rifle Battalion, Morgan's Philadelphia Associators Regiment, Moulder's Philadelphia Associators Artillery Company, Klotz's Lancaster County Militia Regiment, McAllister's York County Militia Regiment, Montgomery's Cumberland County Militia Regiment, Watt's Cumberland County Militia Regiment. The regiment lost two men wounded in this action. 1783-1788], Return of Pennsylvania Line Entitled To Donation Lands, Northumberland Co Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia City Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia Co Revolutionary War Militia, Westmoreland Co Revolutionary War Militia, PHMC Collections Management Policy Standards, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Access Policy, Military Accounts, Associators, 1775-1777 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #152), Military Accounts, Line, 1775-1809 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #142-150), Military Accounts, Militia, 1777-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #153-189), Military Accounts, Navy, 1775-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #205-207, 150), Revolutionary War Pension File, 1809-1893 (RG 2) (microfilm rolls #20-22), Revolutionary War Pension List Book, 1834-1837 (RG 28) (microfilm roll #240), Records of Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Governments (RG 27) (microfilm rolls #689-741), Miscellaneous Manuscripts of the Revolutionary War Era, 1771-1791 (MG 275) (microfilm roll #2984), Lyman Copeland Draper Papers, 1542-1916 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #1202-1239), Sol Feinstone Collection of the American Revolution, 1739-1859 (MG-262) (microfilm rolls #1290-1292), Lieutenant General von Knyphausen, Report of the Battle of Brandywine to Court of Hesse-Kassel, September 11, 1777 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #3003), Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1789 (National Archives) (microfilm rolls #1733-1738), Donation and Depreciation Lands (RG 17) (microfilm roll #3429). By the end of that year, Pennsylvania had adopted a new more radical constitution that wrested control from the older conservative Assembly and in early 1777 the new Assembly passed Pennsylvania's first militia law requiring compulsory military service. These two needs determined the form and six of her armed vessels and the character of their operations. During the Seven Years' War most European armies developed partisan corps (also called frei korps). Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, and element of the, Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Philadelphia, to consist of 9 companies, and assigned to the. The Raid at Cabanatuan, Philippines, 75th Ranger Regiment The Legacy Continues. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. The Continental Army's other light troops sprang from a relatively new European concept not the native American ranger tradition. In offensive operations they became scouts and guides, locating targets (such as villages) for task forces drawn from the militia or other colonial troops. Recognizing that personal circumstances might in some cases make it inconvenient or even impossible for a particular individual to serve, the fine system was in part devised to provide money in lieu of service in order to hire substitutes. Mifflin' Brigade re-designated on October 8, 1776 as Stirling's Brigade. It was assigned on February 27, 1776 to the, Remainder of Regiment reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment, an element of the, Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. The Rangers were engaged in numerous violent raids that characterized the northern frontier of the American Revolutionary War, such as the Battle of Wyoming in July 1778 and the Cherry Valley massacre of November 1778. The mutiny failed and resulted in many of the soldiers receiving their discharges. Two companies also accompanied Benedict Arnold's attack on Quebec. Resend Activation Email. Gen. Anthony Wayne's Division. The infantry moved at a trot the entire way, stopping only to fire a volley to their rear. August 11, 1776 The Pennsylvania troops are ordered to New York and are assigned to the brigade commanded by General William Alexander. Continental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. The regiment spent the winter months at Morristown, New Jersey, where it built up strength and was placed in Brig. 3, The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 17751783. Robert Rogers of New Hampshire organized a corps of New England woodsmen as full-time Provincials directly under British military auspices and paid out of British funds. August 25-27, 1776 The Battle of Long Island. The regiment was furloughed January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey and disbanded on January 1, 1783. Union County, Relieved on April 27, 1776 from Green's Brigade and assigned to the. With France entering the conflict on the side of the new United States in May, the British abandoned Philadelphia and moved across New Jersey to the more easily defended stronghold of New York City. In many instances, members of the militia gave no military service beyond occasional routine drill, and some escaped even that. List of regimental, company and militia units from Pennsylvania in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1782, including infantry, cavalry and artillery units. This time, the question of military service was no longer optional. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). Pennsylvania Revolutionary Soldiers The following names are not included in the regular muster rolls. Militias were paid out of Pennsylvania's then-functioning provincial treasury. The regiment was disbanded on January 1, 1783. Overmyer has not added any memorials to this virtual cemetery. who served in the war of the American Revolution, 1775-1783 Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 (M246), and other historical records. Organized between October 25- November 26, 1775 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia, Philadelphia City, Northampton, Berks and Bucks Counties. The Pine Tree Shilling. For this reason, a separate permanent billet record and an active duty record would have existed for each individual who saw active duty. Organized between January 8- March 20, 1776 at Carlisle to consist of 8 companies from Cumberland and York Counties. Disbanded on July 1, 1778 at White Plains, New York. Veterans of this corps played a major role in the Continental Army during the Revolution, including Major General Israel Putnam and Brigadier Generals John Stark and Moses Hazen. Instead, it protected itself with the passage of temporary laws authorizing organized militias. Unfortunately for Watson, the lack of trees and concealment did not diminish the fires, nor their accuracy. The Regiment was authorized on July 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as Capt. As circumstances would have it, Rogers, who had never earned the trust of those like George Washington, sought and received a commission from Great Britain, consequently raising and leading the Queens Rangers and Kings Rangers during the American Revolution, flying the Union Jack of Great Britain rather then the red, white, and blue colors of the newly declared American colonies. The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine 23 (No. Militia fines became an important source of revenue. Following additional successes by the Swamp Fox, General Nathanael Greene would write the following to Francis Marion: When I consider how much you have done and suffered, and under what disadvantage you have maintained your ground, I am at a loss which to admire most, your courage and fortitude, or your address and management. During 1777, the regiment participated in the Philadelphia Campaign and fought at the Battles of Brandywine (11 Sept.) and Germantown (4 Oct.). Rangers committed to prolonged enlistment periods and rather than fight the war for independence, they patrolled Pennsylvania's western frontier, often fending off Indian attacks. The 7th Pennsylvania was part of the force that attacked the blockhouse under Wayne at Bergen Heights on july 21, 1780. Inspite of the the heavy loss of life at Paoli the Regiment fought on October 4, 1777 at Germantown. Colonels Colonel William Thompson, Colonel Edward Hand, Colonel James Chambers Companies To the plantations Whig owner, Watson acknowledged he had never seen such shooting before in his life. While Watson established his headquarters in the plantation house, Marion and his men bivouacked in the woods of the ridge south of the ford. Keystone State. To make amends for such depreciation, each of these men who in 1781 yet remained in line service was awarded a substantial sum in Were your ancestors part of the Pennsylvania Line? New Hampshire, . It spent the rest of the year in garrison at West Point and probably wintered at Morristown. You can always change this later in your Account settings. USA. The resulting restructuring of the Pennsylvania Line perpetuated a 2nd Regiment among the state's six reorganized units, with Walter Stewart still in command. The regiment was organized June 1775 as Maj. Timothy Bedel's Corps of Rangers . By July 10, it was encamped with the American Army at Ft. Ticonderoga. The colonel of the 13th, 23-year-old Walter Stewart, became the Second's new commander. A militiaman called for active duty who found such duty inconvenient was permitted to hire a Substitute to march and fight in his stead. A Chronology Of The American Revolutionary War An Ordinance For Regulating The Cloathing Department For The Armies Of The United States The Attempt To Win Over The Hessians The Mutiny Of The Pennsylvania Line The Pox: Ten Times More Terrible Than Britons, Canadians And Indians Together The financial difficulties of the new government, difficulties that lasted into the 1790's, complicated the payment of troops. Having suffered so many casualties, by November 1, the 7th Pennsylvania only had 17 officers and 105 men fit for duty. Furloughed on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. Realizing that he needed to clear the far bank first before his soldiers could safely enter the defile to cross the bridge, Watson emplaced his cannon. Other examples of this type of service include the large numbers of Pennsylvania militia employed in the summer and autumn of 1777 to oppose the British invasion at Brandywine and on the flanks at the battle of Germantown, though in neither case did they actually see action. During this time, Congress realized a more substantial national army with enlistments longer than 12 months would be needed to fight the war successfully. Flying Camps were what we today might call mobile military reserves. Organized in between September 28- December 18, 1776 at Sunbury to consist of 8 companies from Northampton, Berks, Cumberland and Northumberland Counties. The names of men in each company of each battalion were listed on a roll called "General Returns of the Battalion" together with the names of any substitutes that were provided. Pierce's Certificates. The regiment was officially disbanded in January, 1783, although in reality, no regiment had existed since 1781. After each tour of duty was completed, all of the privates and the company and field officers were returned to their permanent battalion billets. Black regimental hats are bound up in yellow.Records of deserters in 1777-78 show however, men clad in various color regimental coats and hunting shirts. Various state governments did employ such units for local frontier security, but the Continental Army formed very few, in part because George Washington considered frontier security to be a local responsibility and focused national military forces on opposing regular British and German units in a formal battlefield context. Please enable scripts and reload this page. The Pennsylvania Council of Safety prescribes that there will be ten companies, "eight of them armed with muskets and the other two with riffles." Knowlton's Rangers, a provisional three-company unit of volunteers from Connecticut and Massachusetts line regiments under Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Knowlton, came into being during the late summer of 1776 at New York City. Whitcomb's Rangers started as a similar provisional unit on the Lake Champlain front in 1776. This account has been disabled. A double-pronged attack was planned with Lieutenant Colonel Watson marching down the Santee to attack Marion while Colonel Welbore Ellis Doyle crossed the Lynches River to cut off the rebels escape. The battalion colonels, lieutenant colonels, and majors were called to active duty in a specific order. Maybe they were militia or Rangers. Unfortunately, neither this stick nor the carrot achieved the desired results. At the Battle of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, it was one of the three Pennsylvania regiments in the force which Aaron Burr led in a late-afternoon assault on the flank of a British counterattacking column. The mix of mounted and dismounted men gave it somewhat greater staying power in independent firefights while also allowing rapid forced marches (each light infantryman held on to a dragoon's stirrups). 1st Battalion, 1777-1780 . The militia did provide a significant defensive force patrolling the south side of the Schuylkill River and engaged in occasional clashes with British outposts and scouting parties including heavy skirmishes at Whitemarsh on December 7.