What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? Did it accomplish anything? Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Formally defines citizenship and protects a person's civil and political rights from being abridged or denied by any state. If loading fails, click here to try again. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. (southern Democrats). The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. Resources that rely on Adobe Flash Player are no longer supported. . Was corruption now any less? Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. The amendments created to protect black freedoms seemed like a huge step in the right Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. Who were the Exodusters? The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? In the Senate? !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W Why of why not? While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>stream More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. He talked about punishing the traitors and breaking up the large plantations, but at the same time, he supported states' rights and had little sympathy for blacks. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream 75RockiCr ? endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 Please wait while the activity loads. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg plan was the easiest on the South? EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. universal male suffrage, List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. Think. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. the South divided into 5 military districts, Reconstruction in Practice. _Rd~HYzA?NMDDJHojx,zZ gk3pi:A2!I,8X^78ZrT]RruNx6 Describe the agriculture system of the New South. Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. Select all that apply. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. No. They gave land to the railroads. hVKo@+{l>[" mD1j*E9Uvwf]R0p#\hXbX@" kB" z5:w[*aUwiD2[Av4ft?eSdMN'Vm'yl9/fh-5E"$tXM_=?)[1ZX&/rW-]gK@0Xmzf7+U-"jE1ENM|:2!US.N,'(g({e]a]X`6K(R(:eFF| hwAocF@s00Zm/~;?VJoI(s` }L 6k'pU]sT@VY&Cv; XH8FgCL=rM5Ax6Kv$8u#+8>&`v ? Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. Andrew Johnson. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? It contributed to a chastening of Republican ambitions in the South and forced the party to concentrate on maintaining its base of support in the North rather than growing the party in Dixie. The speeches backfired. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. Write the letter of the choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the original sentence. Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. This narrative was promoted by former Confederates, academics, and politicians alike and served to falsely provide an underlying ideology to justify denying equal rights. Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. But how much really changed? In this WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. Did black legislatures outnumber whites in any state legislatures? Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? General Grant National Memorial, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park, Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, reconstruction era national historical park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park. The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. 422 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<265032BD191E80938A6ADD50CB5C2A09><70F37FA8EF8F2147B5D06180275EA241>]/Index[414 23]/Info 413 0 R/Length 60/Prev 68229/Root 415 0 R/Size 437/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. Corruption compromised the ability of the government and, frequently, of private interests to facilitate the reconstruction of the South. Question 11 30 seconds Q. they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. 0 The Amnesty Act of 1872 completely flipped the script on Southern politics and halted the progress being made by Reconstruction efforts. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. endstream endobj startxref Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. no, although many blacks stopped participating. What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. one of the closest races in American history. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ HUn0+(cj , @X! What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. B 9. Equality at the ballot box would be a work in progress for decades to come. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Provided food, clothes, transportation, etc. 2. It helped the Republicans seat more than 2/3 majority in the House and Congress. 0 WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been Worked a piece of land for a fixed share of the crop. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. xT+&DLeD For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. The Reconstruction Act was refined by subsequent legislation. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. What were Black Codes, and why were they created? hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. Which plan was the hardest on the South? With an interactive map that combines statistics with the thoughts and ideas of people living through this difficult period, students will consider the ways in which efforts at recovery were either successful or disappointing. Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. The teacher may also wish to explain to the students the use of the word Negro in some of these documents. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Although the Lost Cause narrative argued that Grant's presidency had been a complete failure, more recent scholarship has attempted to reevaluate his legacy in a more balanced manner, highlighting both the accomplishments and shortcomings of his eight years in office. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. It gave native born blacks citizenship. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream The 10 year period after the Civil War is. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph? There were those who used their positions for exploitation. He pushed for the establishment of the Department of Justice in 1870, which was tasked with investigating acts of violence against African Americans. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. Much of the South lay in ruins with In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The Radical. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? ISAISIP TAYAHIN Aling isyu na may kinalaman sa paggalang sa buhay ng tao ang tumutukoy A. Ipakita ang iyong pagkaunawa sa ma konseptong tinatalakay sa pamamagitan paglalaglag sa sanggol mula sa. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. It was left to the Senate to try the presidentwith Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase presidingand determine whether he should be removed from office. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. Who had been his early political supporters? accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments.